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Shear strength is defined as the maximum shear stress that the soil may sustain without experiencing failure. Shear strength is a critical parameter in geotechnical projects. It is needed to derive the bearing capacity, design retaining walls, evaluate the stability of slopes and embankments, etc.
According to the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion (equation 1), the shear strength of soils consists of two components, cohesion (c) and frictional angle (φ) and is also dependent on the normal effective stress (σ').
τ=c+σ’tanφ (1)
Strength parameters (cohesion and friction angle) are derived both from in situ and laboratory testing.
The most common in-situ tests are the following:
The most common laboratory tests are the following:
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