The excavation was supported by
reinforced concrete piles having a
diameter of 800 mm and a length that
ranged between 21 and 23 m. In the
photo the hole where the pile will be
placed is being drilled using a bucket.
reinforced concrete piles having a
diameter of 800 mm and a length that
ranged between 21 and 23 m. In the
photo the hole where the pile will be
placed is being drilled using a bucket.
Steel cage construction:
Automated steel cage
construction facilitates
the construction process
and reduces the
construction time.
Automated steel cage
construction facilitates
the construction process
and reduces the
construction time.
View of the steel cages. Each
cage consists of 20 bars (20
mm diameter) and spirals (10
mm diameter)
in a 100 mm distance one
from the other.
The spacing of two couples of
th 20 bars is larger on the two
opposite sides (see photo) to
facilitate the drilling for the
anchors that will pass through
the pile body.
cage consists of 20 bars (20
mm diameter) and spirals (10
mm diameter)
in a 100 mm distance one
from the other.
The spacing of two couples of
th 20 bars is larger on the two
opposite sides (see photo) to
facilitate the drilling for the
anchors that will pass through
the pile body.
View of the first level of
the excavation.
the excavation.
Predrilling for anchor
installation in the appropriate
inclination.
installation in the appropriate
inclination.
Full view and excavation
works (first level -3,5 m
approximately)
works (first level -3,5 m
approximately)
Placement of steel mesh in
the interval between the piles
the interval between the piles
Pumping grout into the hole
using a 20 mm diameter
plastic pipe.
using a 20 mm diameter
plastic pipe.
Anchor tension. Set up
of tension probes.
of tension probes.
Pile cap detail. The part that
does not have concrete will be
concreted later to connect the
pile cap with the parking ceiling.
does not have concrete will be
concreted later to connect the
pile cap with the parking ceiling.
Anchor preparation and
end product. Three or
four tendons were used
according to the
required strength.
end product. Three or
four tendons were used
according to the
required strength.
View of the pile heads
(front) and pile cap
reinforcement (back)
(front) and pile cap
reinforcement (back)
Anchor placement. The figure
illustrates the two portions of
the anchor: The one that is to
be cemented (fixed) and the
one that is not.
illustrates the two portions of
the anchor: The one that is to
be cemented (fixed) and the
one that is not.
Pile concreting using a tremie
pipe.
pipe.
Anchor tension in progress
Steel mesh is placed
ready for shotcrete
placement
ready for shotcrete
placement
Steel mesh ready for
shotcrete and anchors
ready for tension
shotcrete and anchors
ready for tension
Shotcrete operations
Another view of
shotcrete operations.
shotcrete operations.
View of the construction progress.
View of the excavation layers:
Steel mesh, shotcrete,
geotextile and geomembranes.
Steel mesh, shotcrete,
geotextile and geomembranes.
| Deep supported excavation in Aigiptou square, Athens, Greece |
Information and photos sent by Dionisis A. Kolotouros, civil engineer, graduate of university of Patras, Greece
| The photos shown below illustrate some construction phases of a 5-story underground parking located in Aigiptou square, in the vicinity of the Pedion tou Areos area, in the center of Athens, Greece. The soil profile generally consisted of clayey gravels with sand overlaying the "Athenian schist" formation, which is the predominant bedrock material in Athens Greece. The groundwater table was located 4.5 m below the surface. The photos were taken by Dionisis Kolotouros as part of his diploma thesis at the University of Patras, Greece under the supervision of Professor G. A. Athanasopoulos. |
Another view of the first
level of the excavation.
level of the excavation.
Placement of the steel cage. The
spacing of the excavated holes
ranged between 1,20 and
1,50 m.
spacing of the excavated holes
ranged between 1,20 and
1,50 m.
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