Tunnels and Shafts in Rock. Engineering Design Manual (EM 1110-2-2901), available by the US
Army Corps of Engineers (1997).
S.M. Gourvenec, M.D. Bolton, K. Soga, M.W. Gui, R.J. Mair, H.E. Edmonds, I.L.J. Chudleigh and A.P.
Butler, (2000). Field investigations of long term fround loading on an old tunnel in London Clay.
Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, Kusakabe, Fujita & Miyazaki,
Balkema, Rotterdam.
Notes in design of tunnels, by Professor M. Kavvadas, National Technical University of Athens,
Department of Civil Engineering, and available in .pdf format in Greek language only. Taken from
this site.
K. Kovari, Ch. Amstad, (1979). Decision making and field measurements in Tunneling. 25th OYO
Anniversary Lecture Meeting, Tokyo.
Raymond L. Sterling, Jean-Paul Godard, Geoengineering Considerations in the Optimum Use of
Underground Space, an International Tunneling Association (ITA) technical report.
K. Kovari, A. Tisa, (1982). Computational Models for Cut and Cover Tunnels based on field
measurements. 4th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Geomechanics Edmonton,
Cnada.
Frank Jian-Fei Lu, Dong-Sheng Jeng, (2005). A Semi-Analytical solution of a circular tunnel
surrounded by a poroelastic medium and subjected to a moving load. Research Report No. R857.
Environemental Fluids/Wind Group. The University of Sydney. Department of Civil Engineering
Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.
Hoek, E. 1998. Tunnel support in weak rock Keynote address, Symposium of Sedimentary Rock
Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan, November 20-22, 1998.
Fire safety in transport tunnels, another International Tunneling Association (ITA) technical report
Design of large underground caverns. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek that
intend to provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for
assistance. Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
Frank Lu and Dong-Sheng Jeng (2005). Dynamic Response of a circular Tunnel with a piecewise
lining and embedded in a poroelastic medium. Research report No. R853. Environemental
Fluids/Wind Group. The University of Sydney. Department of Civil Engineering Sydney NSW 2006
Australia.
Numerical Modelling of Shallow Tunnels. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek
that intend to provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for
assistance. Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
Role of Tunnelling Experts. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek that intend to
provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for assistance.
Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
K. Kovari, Ch. Amstad, H. Grob, (1974). Displacement Measurements of High accuracy in
underground openings. Institut fur Strassen - und Untertagebau an der Eidg. Technischen
Hoghschule Zurich. Advances in Rock Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences Washington DC.
Marinos, P. (1998), "TBM excavation in weak and heterogeneous rock masses for the Athens
Metro" , Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of IAEG, Balkema publ., 3513-3522,
Vancouver, Canada (1998). Available by the personal website of Professor Paul Marinos.
F. Schroeder (2003) - "The influence of bored piles on existing tunnels". PhD Thesis. University of
London.
O.S. Carvalho, K. Kovari, (1977). Displacement Measurements as a mean for safe and economical
tunnel design. International Symposium on Field Measurements in Rock Mechanics, Zurich.
J. Franzius (2003) - "Behaviour of buildings due to tunnel induced subsidence". PhD Thesis.
University of London.
Kalman Kovari & Marco Ramoni, (2004). Urban Tunneling in soft ground using TBM's. Key Note
Lecture. International Congress on Mechanized Tunneling: Challenging Case Histories - Politecnico
di Torino, Italy.
P. Fritz, (1984). International Journal for numerical and analytical methods in Geomechanics, VOL.8,
325-342. An Analytical Solution for Axisymmetric Tunnel Problems in Elasto-Viscoplastic Media. John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
K. Kovari, G. Anagnostou, (1996). Design of grouting cylinder for a deep alpine tunnel. Grouting
and deep mixing, Yonekura, Terashi & Shibazaki (eds), Balkema, Rotterdam.
K. Kovari & J. Staus, (1996). Basic Considerations on Tunneling in Squeezing Ground. Rock
Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Springer-Verlag.
A. Tisa, K. Kovari. Comparison of calculated and measured displacements on cut- and-over tunnels.
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Department of Rock Engineering and Tunneling,
Zurich, Switzerland.
R. Sanchez - Trejo, A. J. Barocio, K. Kovari, (1981). Design considerations on the permanent lining
during construction of the Analco-San Jose Tunnel. Proceedings of the International Symposium on
Weak Rock, Tokyo.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P., Cardoso, A.S. “EPB-TBM 2005. Face support control in the
Metro do Porto project, Portugal. RETC, Seattle.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P and Silva Cardoso, A. 2004. Geological risk in the use of
TBMs in heterogeneous rock masses – The case of “Metro do Porto” and the measures adopted.
Presented at Course on Geotechnical Risks in Rock Tunnels, University of Aveiro, Portugal, 16-17
April, 2004.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P and Silva Cardoso, A. 2004. Characterization of Granite and
the Underground Construction in Metro do Porto, Portugal. Proc. International Conference on Site
Characterization, Porto, Portugal, 19-22 September, 2004.
Hoek, E, 2001. The role of experts in tunneling – experience from Greece and the world, Keynote
lecture, Egnatia Odos Tunnelling Conference, Iaonnina, December 2001.
Hoek, E, 2001. Big tunnels in bad rock, 2000 Terzaghi lecture. ASCE Journal of Gotechnical and
Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127, No. 9, Sept 2001, pages 726-740.
Hoek, E. 2001. Rock mass properties for underground mines. in Underground Mining Methods:
Engineering Fundamentals and International Case Studies. (Edited by W. A. Hustrulid and R. L.
Bullock), Littleton, Colorado: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (SME) 2001.
K. Kovari, A. Tisa, (1998). Computational Model and Charts for Cut-and-Cover Tunnels.
International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, Colloquium Tunnel Structures,
Stockholm, Sweden.
Sang-Hwan Kim, (1996). Model Testing and Analysis of interactions between Tunnels in Clay. PhD
Thesis, University of Oxford, Brasenose College.
Talat Abu-Amra and Venkatesh Hanumanthatayappa, (2007). Evaluation of Transit Tunnel
Construction Technologies. Final Report for Great Cities Universities Coalition Transportation
Initiative Task 010. University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Sotirios Vardakos, (2003). Distinct Element Modeling of the Shimizu Tunnel No.3 in Japan. Msc
Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Virginia.
Wouter Broere, (2001). Tunnel Face Stability and New CPT Applications. PhD Thesis, Delft
University of Technology, Delft.
Lily Chow, (1994). The Prediction of Surface Settlements due to Tunneling in Soft Ground. Msc
Thesis, University of Oxford, Brasenose College.
Gang Liu, (1997). Numerical Modelling of Damage to Masonry Buildings due to tunneling. PhD
Thesis, University of Oxford.
Charles Edward Augarde, (1997). Numerical Modelling of tunneling processes for assessment of
damage to buildings. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
Alan Graham Bloodworth, (2002). Three-Dimensional analysis of tunneling effects on structures to
develop design methods. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
H.J. Burd, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, G. Liu, (2000). Modelling tunneling-induced settlement of
masonry buildings. Proceedings of the ICE, Geotechnical Engineering, Vol 143, pp 17-30, Awarded
Telford Prize, Institution of Civil Engineers.
G. Liu, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, (2000). 2-dimensional analysis of settlement damage to
masonry buildings caused by tunneling. The Structural Engineer, Volume 79/No.1
Hoek, E. and Marinos, P. 2000. Predicting Tunnel Squeezing. Tunnels and Tunnelling International.
Part 1 – November 2000, Part 2 – December, 2000.
K. Komiya, K. Soga, H. Akagi, M.R. Jafari, M.D. Bolton, (2001). Soil consolidation associated with
grouting during shield tunneling in soft clayey ground. Geotechnique 51, No.10, 835-846.
Discussion, Geotechnique 53, No.4, 447-448.
S.W. Lee, M.D. Bolton, R.J. Mair, T. Hagiwara, K. Soga and G.R. Dasari, (2001). Centrifuge modelling
of injection near tunnel lining. IJPMG - International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 1:
09-24.
Kazuhito Komiya, Kenichi Soga, Hirokazu Akagi, Toshiyuki Hagiwara and Malcolm D. Bolton, (1999).
Finite element modelling of excavation and advancement processes of a shield tunneling machine.
Soils and Foundations Vol.39, No. 3, 37-52, Japaneese Geotechnical Society.
S.W. Lee, M.D. Bolton, R.J. Mair, K. Soga, G.R. Dasari, T. Hagiwara, (2001). Centrifuge and
numerical modelling of compensation grouting near tunnel linings. International Conference on Soil
Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Istanbul.
Tadashi Sugiyama, Toshiyuki Hagiwara, Toshi Nomoto, Masaaki Nomoto, Yutaka Ano, R.J. Mair, M.D.
Bolton and Kenichi Soga, (1999). Observations of ground movements during tunnel construction by
slurry shield method at the Docklands Light Railway Lewisham Extension - East London. Soils and
Foundations Vol.39, No. 3, 99-112, Japaneese Geotechnical Society.
Giovanni Barla, (2001). Tunneling under squeezing rock conditions. Eurosummer-School in Tunnel
Mechanics, Innsbruck.
Marco Barla, (2000). Stress paths around a circular tunnel. Percorsi di sollecitazione attorno ad una
galleria circolare. Rivista Italiana di Geotecnica.
Giovanni Barla, Sebastiano Pelizza, (2000). TBM Tunneling in difficult ground conditions. GeoEng
2000, Melbourne.
S.M. Gourvenec, R.J. Mair, M.D. Bolton, K. Soga, (2005). Ground conditions around an old tunnel in
London Clay. Geotechnical Engineering 158 Issue GEI. Gourvenec et al.
Gang Liu, (1997). Numerical Modelling of Damage to Masonry Buildings due to tunneling. PhD
Thesis, University of Oxford.
Charles Edward Augarde, (1997). Numerical Modelling of tunneling processes for assessment of
damage to buildings. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
Alan Graham Bloodworth, (2002). Three-Dimensional analysis of tunneling effects on structures to
develop design methods. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
H.J. Burd, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, G. Liu, (2000). Modelling tunneling-induced settlement of
masonry buildings. Proceedings of the ICE, Geotechnical Engineering, Vol 143, pp 17-30, Awarded
Telford Prize, Institution of Civil Engineers.
G. Liu, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, (2000). 2-dimensional analysis of settlement damage to
masonry buildings caused by tunneling. The Structural Engineer, Volume 79/No.1
G. Russo, (2003). Evaluating the required face-support pressure in EPBS advance mode. Gallerie e
grandi Opere Sotterranee, n.71.
G.R. Dasari, C.G. Rawlings, M.D. Bolton, (1996). Numerical Modelling of a NATM Tunnel Construction
in London Clay. Proceedings International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground
Construction in Soft Ground, City University, Balkema, 491-496.
C.E. Augarde, H.J. Burd, G.T. Houlsby, (1995). A three-dimensional finite element model of
tunneling. Numerical Methods in Geomechanics - NUMOG V, Pande and Pietruszczak (eds). Balkema
Rotterdam.
C.E. Augarde, H.J. Burd, G.T. Houlsby, (1998). Some experiences of Modelling Tunneling in soft
ground using three-dimensional finite elements. Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on
Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, Udine. Springer-Verlag.
A.G. Bloodworth, G.T. Houlsby, H.J. Burd, C.E. Augarde, (2001). Three-dimensional Modelling of the
Interaction between Buildings and Tunneling Operations. Conference on Response of Buildings to
Excavation-Induced Ground Movements, London.
J.S. Sharma, M.D. Bolton, (1995). Technical Report No. CUED/D-Soils/TR286. A new Technique for
Simulation of Collapse of a Tunnel in a Drum Centrifuge. Cambridge University Engineering
Department.
G.R. Dasari, C.G. Rawlings, M.D. Bolton, (1996). Numerical modelling of a NATM tunnel construction
in London Clay. Geotechnical Aspects of Underground construction in Soft Ground, Balkema,
Rotterdam.
W.L. Tan, P.G. Ranjith, (2003). Numerical Analysis of Pipe Roof Reinforcement in Soft Ground
Tunneling. 16th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Conference, July 16-18 2003, University of
Washington, Seattle.
Giovanni Barla, Marci Barla, (2000). Continuum and discontinuum modelling in tunnel engineering.
Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
M. Bonini, M. Barla, G. Barla, (2001). Flac applications to the analysis of swelling behaviour in
tunnels. 2nd Flac Symposium on Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics, Lione, 29-31 ottobre, 2001.
G. Barla, M. Brala, L. Repetto, (1999). Continuum and discontinuum modelling for design analysis of
tunnels. Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
A.R. Koelewijn, (2001). Numerical Analysis of Soft Soil Tunnelling. PhD Thesis, Delft university,
Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences.
R.B.J. Brinkgreve and W. Broere, (2003). The influence of tunnel boring on foundations of buildings
in urban areas - a numerical study. Proceeings of International Workshop on Geotechnics of Soft
Soils, pages 257 - 263. VGE, Essen.
G.T. Houlsby and S. Psomas, (2001). Soil conditioning for pipejacking and tunnelling: properties of
sand/foam mixtures. Proceedings of Underground Construction 2001 International Exhibition and
Symposium, pp 128-138.
S. Psomas, G.T. Houlsby, (2002). Soil conditioning for EPBM tunnelling: compressibility behaviour of
foam/sand mixtures. 3rd International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground
Construction in Soft Ground, Toulouse, 23-25 October.
G.T. Houlsby, H.J. Burd, C.E. Augarde, (1999). Analysis of tunnel-induced settlement damage to
surface structures. Poster. XII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical
Engineering, Amsterdam, 7-10 June, Vol. 1, pp 147-152.
M. Barla, S. Ferrero, G. Barla, (2003). A new approach for predicting the swelling behaviour of
expansive clays in tunnelling. International Conference on New Developments in Soil Mechanics
and Geotechnical Engineering ZM2003, Lefkosa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, 29-31 May
2003.
Giovanni Barla, (2000). Lessons learnt from the excavation of a large diameter TBM tunnel in
complex hydrogeological conditions. GeoEng 2000, Melbourne.
M. Barla, G. Barla, (2001). Adoption of triaxial testing for the study of swelling behaviour in tunnels.
ICSMGE, Istanbul.
Roland Gerardus Adriaan De Waal, (1999). Steel Fibre Reinforced Tunnel Segments - for the
application in shield driven tunnel linings. PhD Thesis, Delft university, Department of Civil
Engineering and Geosciences.
H. Netzel, F.J. Kaalberg, (1999). Settlement Risk Management with GIS for the Amsterdam
North/South Metroline. Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress 1999, Oslo.
Ing. Václav Krch, Ing. Radko Rieger, (2007). Myslbekova Street - Prasny Bridge Section of the City
Circle Road - Primary and Secondary Tunnel Lining Design Methodology. Magazine of the Czech
Tunneling Committee and Slovak Tunnelling Association ITA/AITES, 3/2007.
H. Netzel, (2002). Full Scale Test on the Building Response due to TBM-Tunnelling in Dutch Soft Soil.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Soil Structure Interaction in Urban Civil
Engineering, Zurich.
H. Netzel, F.J. Kaalberg, (2001). Monitoring of the North/South Metroline in Amsterdam. CIRIA
Conference, The response of buildings to excavation induced ground movement, London.
H. Netzel, F.J. Kaalberg, (2001). Settlement Risk Assessment of the North-South Metroline in
Amsterdam. CIRIA Conference, The response of buildings to excavation induced ground movement,
London.
J.K. Haasnoot, H.D. Netzel, (2002). Settlement Risk Assessment - Integrating FEM and GIS.
Proceedings of the NUMOG 2002 conference in Rome.
Hoek E., Carranza-Torres C., Diederichs M.S. and Corkum B., (2008). The 2008 Kersten Lecture:
Integration of geotechnical and structural design in tunnelling. Proceedings University of Minnesota
56th Annual Geotechnical Engineering Conference. Minneapolis, 29 February 2008, 1-53.
Hoek E., Marinos P., Kazilis N., Angistalis G., Rahaniotis N., Marinos V., (2006). Greece’s Egnatia
Highway Tunnels. Tunnels & Tunnelling International, September 2006, 32-35.
Goricki A., Rachaniotis N., Hoek E., Marinos P., Tsotsos St., Schubert W. (2006). Support Decision
Criteria for Tunnels in Fault Zones. Proceedings of the 55th Geomechanics Colloquium, Salsberg.
Felsbau, 24/5.
Evert Hoek, (1982). Geotechnical Considerations in Tunnel Design and Contract Preparation. 17th
Sir Julius Werhner Memorial Lecture. Trans. Inst. Min. Metall 91, A101-A109.
Moy D. and Hoek E., (1989). Progress with the Excavation and Support of the Mingtan Power
Cavern Roof. Proceedings of the Rock Cavern Seminar - Hong Kong (eds A.W. Malone and P.G.D.
Whiteside), pp. 235-245. London: Institution Mining and Metallurgy.
Hoek E and Wood D.W.F., (1987). Rock Support in Underground Mines. Underground Support
Systems (ed J.E. Udd), Montreal: Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Vol.35, pp. 1-6.
Mehdi Bahrekazemi, (2004). Train-Induced Ground Vibration and Its Prediction. PhD Thesis, Division
of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Royal Institute of
Technology, Stockholm.
Therese Isaksson, (2002). Model for Estimation of Time and Cost Based on Risk Evaluation Applied
on Tunnel Projects. PhD Thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology,
Stockholm, Sweden.
J.G. Wang, S.L. Kong, C.F. Leung, (2003). Twin Tunnels-Induced Ground Settlement in Soft Soils.
Geotechnical Engineering in Urban Construction, Tsinghua University Press, pp.241-244.
W. Broere, (2003). Influence of Excess Pore Pressures on the Stability of the Tunnel Face. J.
Saveour (ed.) (Re)Claiming the Underground Space, ITA, Amsterdam, 2003, pp. 759-765.
Henderikus G.B. Allersma, Wout Broere, (2002). Optical Analysis of Stress around a Penetrating
Probe in Granular Material. Physical Modelling in Geotechnics: Proceedings of the International
Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 02, pages 149-154.
W. Broere, (2002). Influence of excess pore pressures on the stability of the tunnel face. Kastner,
Emeriault, Guilloux (eds.) Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground,
Toulouse, Franse, pp. 179-184.
W. Broere, R.B.J. Brinkgreve, (2002). Phased Simulation of a Tunnel Boring Process in Soft Soil.
Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, Mestat (ed.) 2002, Presses de l'ENPC/LCPC, Paris,
pp. 529-536.
W. Broere, A.F. van Tol, (2001). Time-Dependant Infiltration and Groundwater Flow in a Face
Stability Analysis. T. Adachi, K. Tateyama & M. Kimura (eds.) Modern Tunneling Science and
Technology, Kyoto, Japan, 2001, pp. 629-634.
W. Broere, (2000). Settlements of Micro-Tunnels in relation to their use in Underground Logistic
Systems. Visser and van Binsbergen (eds.) Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on
Underground Freight Transportation by Capsule Pipelines and Other Tube/Tunnel Systems, ISUFT
2000, Delft.
W. Broere, A.F. van Tol, (2000). Influence of Infiltration and Groundwater Flow on Tunnel Face
Stability. O. Kusakabe, K. Fujita & Y. Miyazaki (eds.) Geotechnical Aspects of Underground
Construction in Soft Ground, Tokyo, Japan 2000, pp. 339-344.
Benoit David Jones, (2007). Stresses in Sprayed Concrete Tunnel Junctions. PhD Thesis, Faculty of
Engineering, Science and Mathematics, University of Southampton, School of Civil Engineering and
the Environment.
Army Corps of Engineers (1997).
S.M. Gourvenec, M.D. Bolton, K. Soga, M.W. Gui, R.J. Mair, H.E. Edmonds, I.L.J. Chudleigh and A.P.
Butler, (2000). Field investigations of long term fround loading on an old tunnel in London Clay.
Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, Kusakabe, Fujita & Miyazaki,
Balkema, Rotterdam.
Notes in design of tunnels, by Professor M. Kavvadas, National Technical University of Athens,
Department of Civil Engineering, and available in .pdf format in Greek language only. Taken from
this site.
K. Kovari, Ch. Amstad, (1979). Decision making and field measurements in Tunneling. 25th OYO
Anniversary Lecture Meeting, Tokyo.
Raymond L. Sterling, Jean-Paul Godard, Geoengineering Considerations in the Optimum Use of
Underground Space, an International Tunneling Association (ITA) technical report.
K. Kovari, A. Tisa, (1982). Computational Models for Cut and Cover Tunnels based on field
measurements. 4th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Geomechanics Edmonton,
Cnada.
Frank Jian-Fei Lu, Dong-Sheng Jeng, (2005). A Semi-Analytical solution of a circular tunnel
surrounded by a poroelastic medium and subjected to a moving load. Research Report No. R857.
Environemental Fluids/Wind Group. The University of Sydney. Department of Civil Engineering
Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.
Hoek, E. 1998. Tunnel support in weak rock Keynote address, Symposium of Sedimentary Rock
Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan, November 20-22, 1998.
Fire safety in transport tunnels, another International Tunneling Association (ITA) technical report
Design of large underground caverns. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek that
intend to provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for
assistance. Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
Frank Lu and Dong-Sheng Jeng (2005). Dynamic Response of a circular Tunnel with a piecewise
lining and embedded in a poroelastic medium. Research report No. R853. Environemental
Fluids/Wind Group. The University of Sydney. Department of Civil Engineering Sydney NSW 2006
Australia.
Numerical Modelling of Shallow Tunnels. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek
that intend to provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for
assistance. Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
Role of Tunnelling Experts. From a series of documents authored by Dr. Evert Hoek that intend to
provide informal assistance to some of the many people who contacted him for assistance.
Available by Hoek's corner website. Information sent by Dr. E. Hoek.
K. Kovari, Ch. Amstad, H. Grob, (1974). Displacement Measurements of High accuracy in
underground openings. Institut fur Strassen - und Untertagebau an der Eidg. Technischen
Hoghschule Zurich. Advances in Rock Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences Washington DC.
Marinos, P. (1998), "TBM excavation in weak and heterogeneous rock masses for the Athens
Metro" , Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of IAEG, Balkema publ., 3513-3522,
Vancouver, Canada (1998). Available by the personal website of Professor Paul Marinos.
F. Schroeder (2003) - "The influence of bored piles on existing tunnels". PhD Thesis. University of
London.
O.S. Carvalho, K. Kovari, (1977). Displacement Measurements as a mean for safe and economical
tunnel design. International Symposium on Field Measurements in Rock Mechanics, Zurich.
J. Franzius (2003) - "Behaviour of buildings due to tunnel induced subsidence". PhD Thesis.
University of London.
Kalman Kovari & Marco Ramoni, (2004). Urban Tunneling in soft ground using TBM's. Key Note
Lecture. International Congress on Mechanized Tunneling: Challenging Case Histories - Politecnico
di Torino, Italy.
P. Fritz, (1984). International Journal for numerical and analytical methods in Geomechanics, VOL.8,
325-342. An Analytical Solution for Axisymmetric Tunnel Problems in Elasto-Viscoplastic Media. John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
K. Kovari, G. Anagnostou, (1996). Design of grouting cylinder for a deep alpine tunnel. Grouting
and deep mixing, Yonekura, Terashi & Shibazaki (eds), Balkema, Rotterdam.
K. Kovari & J. Staus, (1996). Basic Considerations on Tunneling in Squeezing Ground. Rock
Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Springer-Verlag.
A. Tisa, K. Kovari. Comparison of calculated and measured displacements on cut- and-over tunnels.
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Department of Rock Engineering and Tunneling,
Zurich, Switzerland.
R. Sanchez - Trejo, A. J. Barocio, K. Kovari, (1981). Design considerations on the permanent lining
during construction of the Analco-San Jose Tunnel. Proceedings of the International Symposium on
Weak Rock, Tokyo.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P., Cardoso, A.S. “EPB-TBM 2005. Face support control in the
Metro do Porto project, Portugal. RETC, Seattle.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P and Silva Cardoso, A. 2004. Geological risk in the use of
TBMs in heterogeneous rock masses – The case of “Metro do Porto” and the measures adopted.
Presented at Course on Geotechnical Risks in Rock Tunnels, University of Aveiro, Portugal, 16-17
April, 2004.
Babendererde, S., Hoek, E., Marinos, P and Silva Cardoso, A. 2004. Characterization of Granite and
the Underground Construction in Metro do Porto, Portugal. Proc. International Conference on Site
Characterization, Porto, Portugal, 19-22 September, 2004.
Hoek, E, 2001. The role of experts in tunneling – experience from Greece and the world, Keynote
lecture, Egnatia Odos Tunnelling Conference, Iaonnina, December 2001.
Hoek, E, 2001. Big tunnels in bad rock, 2000 Terzaghi lecture. ASCE Journal of Gotechnical and
Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127, No. 9, Sept 2001, pages 726-740.
Hoek, E. 2001. Rock mass properties for underground mines. in Underground Mining Methods:
Engineering Fundamentals and International Case Studies. (Edited by W. A. Hustrulid and R. L.
Bullock), Littleton, Colorado: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (SME) 2001.
K. Kovari, A. Tisa, (1998). Computational Model and Charts for Cut-and-Cover Tunnels.
International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, Colloquium Tunnel Structures,
Stockholm, Sweden.
Sang-Hwan Kim, (1996). Model Testing and Analysis of interactions between Tunnels in Clay. PhD
Thesis, University of Oxford, Brasenose College.
Talat Abu-Amra and Venkatesh Hanumanthatayappa, (2007). Evaluation of Transit Tunnel
Construction Technologies. Final Report for Great Cities Universities Coalition Transportation
Initiative Task 010. University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Sotirios Vardakos, (2003). Distinct Element Modeling of the Shimizu Tunnel No.3 in Japan. Msc
Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Virginia.
Wouter Broere, (2001). Tunnel Face Stability and New CPT Applications. PhD Thesis, Delft
University of Technology, Delft.
Lily Chow, (1994). The Prediction of Surface Settlements due to Tunneling in Soft Ground. Msc
Thesis, University of Oxford, Brasenose College.
Gang Liu, (1997). Numerical Modelling of Damage to Masonry Buildings due to tunneling. PhD
Thesis, University of Oxford.
Charles Edward Augarde, (1997). Numerical Modelling of tunneling processes for assessment of
damage to buildings. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
Alan Graham Bloodworth, (2002). Three-Dimensional analysis of tunneling effects on structures to
develop design methods. PhD Thesis, University of Oxford.
H.J. Burd, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, G. Liu, (2000). Modelling tunneling-induced settlement of
masonry buildings. Proceedings of the ICE, Geotechnical Engineering, Vol 143, pp 17-30, Awarded
Telford Prize, Institution of Civil Engineers.
G. Liu, G.T. Houlsby, C.E. Augarde, (2000). 2-dimensional analysis of settlement damage to
masonry buildings caused by tunneling. The Structural Engineer, Volume 79/No.1
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Tunneling & Underground Construction
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